Optimal therapy schedule of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy

Ruohan Li; Jinzhi Lei; Ruohan Li; Jinzhi Lei

doi:10.3934/mbe.2025061

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

2025, Volume 22, Issue 7: 1653-1679. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2025061

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Research article Special Issues

Optimal therapy schedule of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy

Ruohan Li ¹,
Jinzhi Lei ^{1,2
,
,}

1.
School of Mathematical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2.
Center for Applied Mathematics, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China

Received: 26 January 2025 Revised: 22 April 2025 Accepted: 13 May 2025 Published: 21 May 2025

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a personalized immunotherapy approach in which a patient's T cells are genetically engineered to express synthetic receptors that specifically recognize and target tumor-associated antigens. This approach has demonstrated remarkable success in treating B-cell malignancies by directing CAR-T cells against the CD19 protein. However, treatment efficacy is influenced by the composition and distribution of CAR-T cell subsets administered to the patient. To investigate the impact of different CAR-T cell subtypes and infusion strategies, we developed a mathematical model that captures the dynamic interactions between tumor cells and CAR-T cells within the tumor immune microenvironment. Through computational simulations, we explored how varying the dosage and subtype proportions of infused CAR-T cells affects tumor dynamics and therapeutic outcomes. Our findings highlight the critical role of CAR-T cell subset composition in optimizing treatment efficacy, underscoring the necessity of precise dosing control and tailored infused strategies to maximize therapeutic success.

Keywords:

Citation: Ruohan Li, Jinzhi Lei. Optimal therapy schedule of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy[J]. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2025, 22(7): 1653-1679. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2025061

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Abstract

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