Research article

Investigation of fractal-fractional HIV infection by evaluating the drug therapy effect in the Atangana-Baleanu sense


  • Received: 07 June 2022 Revised: 06 July 2022 Accepted: 11 July 2022 Published: 28 July 2022
  • In this paper, we apply the fractal-fractional derivative in the Atangana-Baleanu sense to a model of the human immunodeficiency virus infection of CD4+ T-cells in the presence of a reverse transcriptase inhibitor, which occurs before the infected cell begins producing the virus. The existence and uniqueness results obtained by applying Banach-type and Leray-Schauder-type fixed-point theorems for the solution of the suggested model are established. Stability analysis in the context of Ulam's stability and its various types are investigated in order to ensure that a close exact solution exists. Additionally, the equilibrium points and their stability are analyzed by using the basic reproduction number. Three numerical algorithms are provided to illustrate the approximate solutions by using the Newton polynomial approach, the Adam-Bashforth method and the predictor-corrector technique, and a comparison between them is presented. Furthermore, we present the results of numerical simulations in the form of graphical figures corresponding to different fractal dimensions and fractional orders between zero and one. We analyze the behavior of the considered model for the provided values of input factors. As a result, the behavior of the system was predicted for various fractal dimensions and fractional orders, which revealed that slight changes in the fractal dimensions and fractional orders had no impact on the function's behavior in general but only occur in the numerical simulations.

    Citation: Jutarat Kongson, Chatthai Thaiprayoon, Apichat Neamvonk, Jehad Alzabut, Weerawat Sudsutad. Investigation of fractal-fractional HIV infection by evaluating the drug therapy effect in the Atangana-Baleanu sense[J]. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2022, 19(11): 10762-10808. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2022504

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  • In this paper, we apply the fractal-fractional derivative in the Atangana-Baleanu sense to a model of the human immunodeficiency virus infection of CD4+ T-cells in the presence of a reverse transcriptase inhibitor, which occurs before the infected cell begins producing the virus. The existence and uniqueness results obtained by applying Banach-type and Leray-Schauder-type fixed-point theorems for the solution of the suggested model are established. Stability analysis in the context of Ulam's stability and its various types are investigated in order to ensure that a close exact solution exists. Additionally, the equilibrium points and their stability are analyzed by using the basic reproduction number. Three numerical algorithms are provided to illustrate the approximate solutions by using the Newton polynomial approach, the Adam-Bashforth method and the predictor-corrector technique, and a comparison between them is presented. Furthermore, we present the results of numerical simulations in the form of graphical figures corresponding to different fractal dimensions and fractional orders between zero and one. We analyze the behavior of the considered model for the provided values of input factors. As a result, the behavior of the system was predicted for various fractal dimensions and fractional orders, which revealed that slight changes in the fractal dimensions and fractional orders had no impact on the function's behavior in general but only occur in the numerical simulations.



    AIMS Microbiology is an international Open Access journal devoted to publishing peer-reviewed, high quality, original papers in the field of microbiology. Together with the Editorial Office of AIMS Microbiology, I wish to testify my sincere gratitude to all authors, members of the editorial board and reviewers for their contribution to AIMS Microbiology in 2022.

    In 2022, We received more than 200 manuscripts and 40 of them were accepted and published. These published papers include 23 research articles, 11 review articles, 2 editorials, 2 communications and 1 brief report papers. The authors of the manuscripts are from more than 20 countries. The data shows a significant increase of international collaborations on the research of microbiology.

    An important part of our strategy has been preparation of special issues. 2 special issues published more than five papers. AIMS Microbiology have invited 17 experts to join our Editorial Board in 2022. We will continue to renew Editorial Board in 2022.

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    AIMS Microbiology Editorial Board

    The submissions of our AIMS Microbiology journal in 2022 increased. In 2022, AIMS Microbiology published 4 issues, a total of 40 articles were published online, and the category of published articles is as follows:

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    Review 11
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    Brief report 1

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    Peer Review Rejection rate: 49%

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    Organizing high-quality special issue is a very important work in 2022. In 2022, 7 special issues were called. Listed below are some examples of issues that have more than 5 papers. We encourage Editorial Board members to propose more potential topics, and to act as editors of special issues.

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    Biotechnological applications of microorganisms in Industry, Agriculture and Environment https://www.aimspress.com/aimsmicro/article/6262/special-articles 8
    Antimicrobials and Resistance https://www.aimspress.com/aimsmicro/article/6209/special-articles 5

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