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Nanostructured, complex hydride systems for hydrogen generation

  • Received: 17 December 2014 Accepted: 09 February 2015 Published: 27 February 2015
  • Complex hydride systems for hydrogen (H2) generation for supplying fuel cells are being reviewed. In the first group, the hydride systems that are capable of generating H2 through a mechanical dehydrogenation phenomenon at the ambient temperature are discussed. There are few quite diverse systems in this group such as lithium alanate (LiAlH4) with the following additives: nanoiron (n-Fe), lithium amide (LiNH2) (a hydride/hydride system) and manganese chloride MnCl2 (a hydride/halide system). Another hydride/hydride system consists of lithium amide (LiNH2) and magnesium hydride (MgH2), and finally, there is a LiBH4-FeCl2 (hydride/halide) system. These hydride systems are capable of releasing from ~4 to 7 wt.% H2 at the ambient temperature during a reasonably short duration of ball milling. The second group encompasses systems that generate H2 at slightly elevated temperature (up to 100 °C). In this group lithium alanate (LiAlH4) ball milled with the nano-Fe and nano-TiN/TiC/ZrC additives is a prominent system that can relatively quickly generate up to 7 wt.% H2 at 100 °C. The other hydride is manganese borohydride (Mn(BH4)2) obtained by mechano-chemical activation synthesis (MCAS). In a ball milled (2LiBH4 + MnCl2) nanocomposite, Mn(BH4)2 co-existing with LiCl can desorb ~4.5 wt.% H2 at 100 °C within a reasonable duration of dehydrogenation. Practical application aspects of hydride systems for H2 generation/storage are also briefly discussed.

    Citation: Robert A. Varin, Amirreza Shirani Bidabadi. Nanostructured, complex hydride systems for hydrogen generation[J]. AIMS Energy, 2015, 3(1): 121-143. doi: 10.3934/energy.2015.1.121

    Related Papers:

  • Complex hydride systems for hydrogen (H2) generation for supplying fuel cells are being reviewed. In the first group, the hydride systems that are capable of generating H2 through a mechanical dehydrogenation phenomenon at the ambient temperature are discussed. There are few quite diverse systems in this group such as lithium alanate (LiAlH4) with the following additives: nanoiron (n-Fe), lithium amide (LiNH2) (a hydride/hydride system) and manganese chloride MnCl2 (a hydride/halide system). Another hydride/hydride system consists of lithium amide (LiNH2) and magnesium hydride (MgH2), and finally, there is a LiBH4-FeCl2 (hydride/halide) system. These hydride systems are capable of releasing from ~4 to 7 wt.% H2 at the ambient temperature during a reasonably short duration of ball milling. The second group encompasses systems that generate H2 at slightly elevated temperature (up to 100 °C). In this group lithium alanate (LiAlH4) ball milled with the nano-Fe and nano-TiN/TiC/ZrC additives is a prominent system that can relatively quickly generate up to 7 wt.% H2 at 100 °C. The other hydride is manganese borohydride (Mn(BH4)2) obtained by mechano-chemical activation synthesis (MCAS). In a ball milled (2LiBH4 + MnCl2) nanocomposite, Mn(BH4)2 co-existing with LiCl can desorb ~4.5 wt.% H2 at 100 °C within a reasonable duration of dehydrogenation. Practical application aspects of hydride systems for H2 generation/storage are also briefly discussed.


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