Cellular mechanotransduction

José Luis Alonso; Wolfgang H. Goldmann; José Luis Alonso; Wolfgang H. Goldmann

doi:10.3934/biophy.2016.1.50

AIMS Biophysics

2016, Volume 3, Issue 1: 50-62. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2016.1.50

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Cellular mechanotransduction

José Luis Alonso ^{1
,
,},
Wolfgang H. Goldmann ^{2
,
,}

1.
Dept. of Medicine, Mass. General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA
2.
Biophysics Group, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany

Received: 21 August 2015 Accepted: 11 January 2016 Published: 20 January 2016

Cell adhesion and cell–cell contacts are pre-requisites for proper metabolism, protein synthesis, cell survival, and cancer metastasis. Major transmembrane receptors are the integrins, which are responsible for cell matrix adhesions, and the cadherins, which are important for cell-cell adhesions. Adherent cells are anchored via focal adhesions (FAs) to the extracellular matrix, while cell-cell contacts are connected via focal adherens junctions (FAJs). Force transmission over considerable distances and stress focusing at these adhesion sites make them prime candidates for mechanosensors. Exactly which protein(s) within FAs and FAJs or which membrane component of ion channels sense, transmit, and respond to mechano-chemical signaling is currently strongly debated and numerous candidates have been proposed.
- integrins,
- focal adhesions,
- cell-matrix and cell-cell contacts,
- mechanosensing,
- mechanotransduction
Citation: José Luis Alonso, Wolfgang H. Goldmann. Cellular mechanotransduction[J]. AIMS Biophysics, 2016, 3(1): 50-62. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2016.1.50

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Abstract

Cell adhesion and cell–cell contacts are pre-requisites for proper metabolism, protein synthesis, cell survival, and cancer metastasis. Major transmembrane receptors are the integrins, which are responsible for cell matrix adhesions, and the cadherins, which are important for cell-cell adhesions. Adherent cells are anchored via focal adhesions (FAs) to the extracellular matrix, while cell-cell contacts are connected via focal adherens junctions (FAJs). Force transmission over considerable distances and stress focusing at these adhesion sites make them prime candidates for mechanosensors. Exactly which protein(s) within FAs and FAJs or which membrane component of ion channels sense, transmit, and respond to mechano-chemical signaling is currently strongly debated and numerous candidates have been proposed.

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