As a weaker form of fuzzy soft -minimal continuity by Taha (2021), the notions of fuzzy soft almost (respectively (resp. for short) weakly) -minimal continuous mappings are introduced, and some properties are given. Also, we show that every fuzzy soft -minimal continuity is fuzzy soft almost (resp. weakly) -minimal continuity, but the converse need not be true. After that, we introduce a concept of continuity in a very general setting called fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous mappings and investigate some properties of these mappings.
Citation: I. M. Taha. Some new results on fuzzy soft -minimal spaces[J]. AIMS Mathematics, 2022, 7(7): 12458-12470. doi: 10.3934/math.2022691
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As a weaker form of fuzzy soft -minimal continuity by Taha (2021), the notions of fuzzy soft almost (respectively (resp. for short) weakly) -minimal continuous mappings are introduced, and some properties are given. Also, we show that every fuzzy soft -minimal continuity is fuzzy soft almost (resp. weakly) -minimal continuity, but the converse need not be true. After that, we introduce a concept of continuity in a very general setting called fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous mappings and investigate some properties of these mappings.
Zadeh [30] introduced the basic idea of a fuzzy set as an extension of classical set theory. The basic notions of fuzzy sets have been improved and applied in different directions. Along this direction, we can refer to [16,20,22,24,25,26]. The concept of soft set theory was initiated by Molodtsov [19] in 1999 as a general mathematical tool for modeling uncertainties. Maji et al. [17] introduced the concept of a fuzzy soft set, which combines fuzzy sets [30] and soft sets [19]. Soft set and fuzzy soft set theories have a rich potential for applications in several directions. So far, lots of spectacular and creative studies about the theories of soft sets and fuzzy soft sets have been considered by some scholars (see [2,3,4,6,9,11,12,13]). Also, Aygünoğlu et al. [8] studied the topological structure of fuzzy soft sets based on fuzzy topologies in the sense of Šostak [21]. The concept of fuzzy -minimal structure was introduced by Yoo et al. [29] as an extension of fuzzy topology introduced by Šostak [21]. Also, the concepts of a fuzzy -minimal space, fuzzy -minimal continuity, and fuzzy -minimal compactness were introduced in [15,29]. Later, Taha [23] introduced the concept of fuzzy soft -minimal structure, which is an extension of fuzzy soft topology introduced by Aygünoğlu et al. [8]. Also, the concept of fuzzy soft -minimal continuity and several types of fuzzy soft -minimal compactness were introduced in [23].
We lay out the remainder of this article as follows. Section 2 contains some basic definitions and results that help in understanding the obtained results. In Section 3, we introduce and study a weaker form of fuzzy soft -minimal continuous mappings. Additionally, we show that fuzzy soft -minimal continuity [23] fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuity fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuity, but the converse need not be true. In Section 4, we introduce a concept of continuity in a very general setting under the name "fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous mappings". We prove that if and are operators on , and , and are operators on , then is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous iff it is both fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous and fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous. Finally, Section 5 gives some conclusions and suggests some future works.
In this section, we present the basic definitions which we need in the next sections. Throughout this paper, refers to an initial universe, is the set of all parameters for and , the family of all fuzzy sets in is denoted by (where ), and for , for all
Definition 2.1. [1,8,17] A fuzzy soft set over is a mapping from to such that is a fuzzy set on , for each and , if , where is zero function on . The fuzzy set , for each , is called an element of the fuzzy soft set . denotes the collection of all fuzzy soft sets on and is called a fuzzy soft universe.
Definition 2.2. [18,28] A fuzzy soft point over is a fuzzy soft set over defined as follows:
where is a fuzzy point in . A fuzzy soft point is said to belong to a fuzzy soft set , denoted by , if . The family of all fuzzy soft points in is denoted by .
Definition 2.3. [8] A mapping is called a fuzzy soft topology on if it satisfies the following conditions for each .
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Then, the pair is called a fuzzy soft topological space (FSTS, for short).
Definition 2.4. [23] Let be a nonempty set and . A fuzzy soft mapping on is said to be a fuzzy soft -minimal structure if the family for each contains and . Then is called a fuzzy soft -minimal space (simply, -). Every member of is called a fuzzy soft -minimal open set.
Definition 2.5. [23] Let be an -, and . The fuzzy soft -minimal interior and fuzzy soft -minimal closure of , denoted by and , resp., are defined as and
Definition 2.6. [23] Let and be -s. Then, a fuzzy soft mapping from into is called fuzzy soft -minimal continuous if for every , and .
Definition 2.7. [23] Let be a nonempty set and . Then, is said to have property () if
for , and .
Definition 2.8. [23] Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and . Then, is called fuzzy soft -minimal open if for every . Also, is called fuzzy soft -minimal closed if for every .
Definition 2.9 [23] Let be an -, , and . Then, is called fuzzy soft -minimal compact (resp. fuzzy soft -minimal almost compact and fuzzy soft -minimal nearly compact) iff for every family such that , there exists a finite subset of such that (resp. and ).
Main properties of fuzzy soft sets and soft topology are found in [1,8,10,14,17,27].
In this section, we introduce a weaker form of fuzzy soft -minimal continuity called fuzzy soft almost (resp. weakly) -minimal continuous mappings and investigate some properties of these mappings. Also, we show that fuzzy soft -minimal continuity [23] fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuity fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuity, but the converse need not be true.
Definition 3.1. A fuzzy soft mapping is called fuzzy soft almost (resp. weakly) -minimal continuous if, for fuzzy soft point over and each containing , there is containing such that (resp. ).
Theorem 3.1. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping. Suppose that one of the following properties holds:
(i) , if .
(ii) , if .
Then, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Proof. (i) (ii) Let . Then, from (i), it follows
Hence, .
Similarly, we get (ii) (i).
Suppose that (i) holds. Let , and containing . Then, by (i),
and so there exists containing such that . It follows that . Hence, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
In a similar way, one can prove the following corollary.
Corollary 3.1. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Suppose that one of the following properties holds for , and :
(i) , if .
(ii) .
(iii) .
Then, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Lemma 3.1. Every fuzzy soft -minimal continuous mapping [23] is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Proof. It follows from Theorem 3.1.
In general, the converse of Lemma 3.1 is not true, as shown by Example 3.1.
Example 3.1 Let and be the parameter set of X. Define and as follows: , . Define fuzzy soft -minimal structures as follows: ,
Then, the identity fuzzy soft mapping is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous, but it is not fuzzy soft -minimal continuous.
Definition 3.2. Let be an -, , and . Then,
(i) is fuzzy soft -minimal semiopen if ,
(ii) is fuzzy soft -minimal preopen if ,
(iii) is fuzzy soft -minimal regularly open if ,
(iv) is fuzzy soft -minimal -open if .
A fuzzy soft set is called a fuzzy soft -minimal semiclosed (resp., fuzzy soft -minimal preclosed, fuzzy soft -minimal regularly closed and fuzzy soft -minimal -closed) set if the complement of is a fuzzy soft -minimal semiopen (resp., fuzzy soft -minimal preopen, fuzzy soft -minimal regularly open and fuzzy soft -minimal -open) set.
Theorem 3.2. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Suppose that one of the following properties holds for , and :
(i) , if is fuzzy soft -minimal regularly closed.
(ii) , if is fuzzy soft -minimal regularly open.
Then, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Proof. (i) (ii) is obvious.
Suppose that (ii) holds. Let and containing . Since is fuzzy soft -minimal regularly open, then by (ii),
there is containing such that . This implies . Hence, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
In a similar way, one can prove the following corollary.
Corollary 3.2. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Suppose that one of the following properties holds for , and :
(i) , if is fuzzy soft -minimal regularly open.
(ii) , if is fuzzy soft -minimal regularly closed.
Then, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Theorem 3.3. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Suppose that one of the following properties holds for , and :
(i) , if is fuzzy soft -minimal -open.
(ii) , if is fuzzy soft -minimal semiopen.
(iii) , if is fuzzy soft -minimal preopen.
(iv) , if is fuzzy soft -minimal preopen.
Then, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Proof. (i) (ii) Since every fuzzy soft -minimal semiopen set is fuzzy soft -minimal -open, it is obvious.
Suppose that (ii) holds. Let be a fuzzy soft -minimal regular closed set. Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal semiopen, and so from (ii), we have
This implies , and hence from Theorem 3.2, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Suppose that (iii) holds. Let be a fuzzy soft -minimal regular open set. Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal preopen, and so from (iii), we have
This implies , and hence by Theorem 3.2, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Suppose that (iv) holds. Let be a fuzzy soft -minimal regular closed set. Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal preopen. From hypothesis and , it follows that
This implies . Hence, by Theorem 3.2, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Theorem 3.4. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping. Suppose that one of the following properties holds:
(i) , if .
(ii) , if .
Then, is fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous.
Proof. (i) (ii) Let . Then, from (i), it follows that
Hence, . Similarly, we get (ii) (i).
Suppose that (i) holds. Let and containing . Then, by (i),
and so there exists containing such that . Thus, . Hence, is fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous.
In a similar way, one can prove the following corollary.
Corollary 3.3. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Suppose that one of the following properties holds for , and :
(i) , if .
(ii) .
(iii) .
Then, is fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous.
Lemma 3.2. Every fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous mapping is fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous.
Proof. It follows from Definition 3.1.
In general, the converse of Lemma 3.2 is not true, as shown by Example 3.2.
Example 3.2. Let and be the parameter set of X. Define and as follows: , . Define fuzzy soft -minimal structures as follows: ,
Then, the identity fuzzy soft mapping is fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous, but it is not fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
The following implications are obtained:
Theorem 3.5. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Then, is fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous if for each that is a fuzzy soft -minimal semiopen set, and .
Proof. Let . Then, is a fuzzy soft -minimal semiopen set. From hypothesis and , it follows that
Hence, by Theorem 3.3, is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous. This implies is fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous.
In this section, we introduce a concept of continuity in a very general setting called fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous mappings, and we investigate some properties of them.
First of all, let us introduce a concept of continuity in a very general setting. Let and be -s, and be operators on , and and be operators on , respectively. The difference between two fuzzy soft sets and is a fuzzy soft set, denoted by , where
Definition 4.1. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Then, is called fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous if
for each , and .
In 2021, Taha [23] defined the concept of fuzzy soft -minimal continuous mappings: for each , and . We can see that the above definition generalizes the concepts of fuzzy soft -minimal continuous mappings, when we choose = identity operator, = interior operator, = identity operator and = identity operator.
Let us give a historical justification of the above definition:
I. In Section 3, we defined the concept of fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous mappings: for each . Here, = identity operator, = interior operator, = interior closure operator and = identity operator.
II. In Section 3, we defined the concept of fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous mappings: for each . Here, = identity operator, = interior operator, = closure operator and = identity operator.
Definition 4.2. A fuzzy soft mapping is called fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous iff satisfies property .
Let be an operator on defined as follows:
Theorem 4.1. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous iff it is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Proof. Let be a fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous and .
Case 1. If satisfies property , , and . Thus, we obtain Then, . Hence, is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Case 2. If does not satisfy property , . Thus, we obtain . Then, . Hence, is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Suppose that for each . Then, If satisfies property , , and hence Thus, . Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Definition 4.3. If and are operators on , the intersection operator is defined as follows: and . and are called mutually dual if is the identity operator.
Theorem 4.2. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Let and be operators on , and , and be operators on . Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous iff it is both fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous and fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Proof. If is both fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous and fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous, then for each we have
Hence,
However,
Thus, . Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Conversely, if is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous, and , then
Now, by the above equalities, we get that
Then, we have
and
which means that is both fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous and fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Corollary 4.1. Let be fuzzy soft almost -minimal and fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous where and are mutually dual operators on such that for each and . Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal continuous iff is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous, and
Proof. Fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous is equal to fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous. Since and are mutually dual operators on , then the result follows from Theorem 4.2.
Definition 4.4. Let and be operators on . Then, iff and .
Theorem 4.3. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Let and be operators on , and , and be operators on with . If is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous, then it is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Proof. If is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous, and , thus we obtain
Now, we know , for each , . Therefore,
Then, . Hence, is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Definition 4.5. An operator on induces another operator defined as follows: Observe that .
Definition 4.6. A fuzzy soft mapping satisfies the openness condition with respect to the operator on ,
Theorem 4.4. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Let and be operators on , and and be operators on . If is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous and satisfies the openness condition with respect to the operator , then is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Proof. If is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous, and , thus
Since satisfies the openness condition with respect to the operator , then , and it follows that
Thus, we obtain
Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
Corollary 4.2. Let be a fuzzy soft mapping, and has the property (). Let and be operators on , and and be operators on . If is fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous and satisfies the openness condition with respect to the operator , then is fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous.
Proof. Let = identity operator, = interior operator, = closure operator and = identity operator. Then, the result follows from Theorem 4.4.
Theorem 4.5. If is a fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous mapping, , and , , then is fuzzy soft -minimal -compact if is fuzzy soft -minimal compact.
Proof. Given with , then . Since is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous, then for each ,
Then, . Since is fuzzy soft -minimal compact, there exists a finite subset of such that
Thus, . Hence, is fuzzy soft -minimal -compact, as required.
The following corollaries are direct results.
Corollary 4.3. Let be a fuzzy soft -minimal continuous mapping. Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal compact if is fuzzy soft -minimal compact.
Proof. Let = identity operator, = interior operator, = identity operator and = identity operator. Then, the result follows from Theorem 4.5.
Corollary 4.4. Let be a fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuous mapping. Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal nearly compact if is fuzzy soft -minimal compact.
Proof. Let = identity operator, = interior operator, = interior closure operator and = identity operator. Then, the result follows from Theorem 4.5.
Corollary 4.5. Let be a fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuous mapping. Then, is fuzzy soft -minimal almost compact if is fuzzy soft -minimal compact.
Proof. Let = identity operator, = interior operator, = closure operator and = identity operator. Then, the result follows from Theorem 4.5.
In this paper, we have defined weaker forms of fuzzy soft -minimal continuity called fuzzy soft almost -minimal continuity and fuzzy soft weakly -minimal continuity. We have investigated the master properties of these continuous forms and provided some illustrative examples to show the relationships between them. Then, we have introduced the concept of fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous mappings and given some characterizations of them. Moreover, we have proved that if and are operators on , and , and are operators on , then is fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous iff it is both fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous and fuzzy soft -minimal -continuous.
In the upcoming work, we will define some new separation axioms in fuzzy soft -minimal spaces. Also, we shall discuss the concepts given herein in the frames of infra soft topologies [5] and infra fuzzy topologies [7]. We hope that this work will contribute to fuzzy soft -minimal structure studies.
The author declares that there is no conflict of interest.
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