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AIMS Microbiology, 2017, 3(2): 143-154. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2017.2.143. Review

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Microbiome in the urinary system—a review

Jane Tang

National Security and Intelligence, Noblis, Reston, VA, USA

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Urine was considered sterile in healthy individuals for many years, and the presence of bacteria signified urinary tract infection. With the development of Expanded Quantitative Urine Culture (EQUC) and utilization of molecular techniques, the previous clinical dogma is no longer valid. Instead, healthy people harbor a considerable microbial community, or microbiota, in their urinary systems. Similar to other physiological niches where microbiota contribute to the health status of their hosts, recent studies demonstrated different microbial populations also play a crucial role in urinary health of individuals. Understanding urinary microbiome thus allows a more holistic approach in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases and disorders in urinary system. This review article provides an overview of current findings in urinary microbiome and discusses some of the gaps for future research.

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Keywords: microbiome; urinary system; microbiota; urinary tract infection; urinary microbiome

Citation: Jane Tang. Microbiome in the urinary system—a review. AIMS Microbiology, 2017, 3(2): 143-154. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2017.2.143

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Copyright Info: © 2017, Jane Tang, licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licese (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

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