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AIMS Mathematics

2026, Volume 11, Issue 5: 12650-12673. doi: 10.3934/math.2026520
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Computation of Hosoya and eccentricity-based topological indices of power graphs over finite groups

  • 1.
    Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan; kalimkhanzai92@gmail.com
  • 2.
    School of Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, Baise University, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
  • 3.
    Department of Mathematics and Science, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia; marif@psu.edu.sa, kamal@psu.edu.sa
  • Published: 08 May 2026

  • MSC : 15A27, 05C07, 05C09, 05C25

  • Topological indices are mathematical values based on graph models of molecular structures that characterize significant properties in terms of chemical composition, reactivity, and physicochemical properties. In this paper, we are devoted to eccentricity-based indices of power graphs over finite groups and investigate their application in the context of molecular graphs. We calculated the Zagreb eccentricity indices, eccentric connectivity index, connective eccentricity index, (adjacent) eccentric distance sum index, and the Zagreb irregularity indices. In addition, we computed the Hosoya index for the mentioned graphs, which was one of the challenging aspects of this work. These findings enhance the theoretical foundation of graph-based indices and contribute to the quantitative description of molecular graphs.

    Citation: Kalim Ullah, Fawad Ali, Shi Xia, Muhammad Shoaib Arif, Kamleldin Abodayeah. Computation of Hosoya and eccentricity-based topological indices of power graphs over finite groups[J]. AIMS Mathematics, 2026, 11(5): 12650-12673. doi: 10.3934/math.2026520

    Related Papers:

  • Topological indices are mathematical values based on graph models of molecular structures that characterize significant properties in terms of chemical composition, reactivity, and physicochemical properties. In this paper, we are devoted to eccentricity-based indices of power graphs over finite groups and investigate their application in the context of molecular graphs. We calculated the Zagreb eccentricity indices, eccentric connectivity index, connective eccentricity index, (adjacent) eccentric distance sum index, and the Zagreb irregularity indices. In addition, we computed the Hosoya index for the mentioned graphs, which was one of the challenging aspects of this work. These findings enhance the theoretical foundation of graph-based indices and contribute to the quantitative description of molecular graphs.



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  • © 2026 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
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