The influence of argon shielding configurations for the weld pool on microstructure formation and the retention of principal alloying elements during partial penetration of Al-Mg and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys using fiber laser irradiation at a power of 900 W with a specific energy input of 100–130 J/mm was analyzed. The studies were conducted under the following conditions: (1) in an open chamber with local argon shielding; (2) in a sealed chamber filled with argon (pressure 1.05 MPa); (3) in the same chamber with additional argon flow onto the weld pool (flow rate 5–10 L/min); (4) in a sealed chamber with reduced argon pressure (170–190 Pa); and (5) in the same chamber with additional argon flow onto the weld pool (flow rate 5–10 L/min). For shielding schemes No. 1–No. 3, penetration depths of 0.20–0.23 mm were achieved. Application of schemes No. 4 and No. 5, as opposed to scheme No. 1, led to a reduction in oxide inclusions in the penetration cross-section from 3.0% to 1.5% or lower, which complied with ISO 13919-2:2001. However, this was accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of alloying elements, particularly Mg, Zn, and Cu, to 50%–70% or more, and a 10%–30% reduction in microhardness of the fusion zone relative to the base metal. The use of scheme No. 5 promoted a transition in penetration mode from heat conduction to deep penetration, accompanied by an increase in penetration depth up to five-fold and a reduction in alloying element burn-off. Laser penetration of the studied alloys was carried out in heat conduction mode. The regime promoted vertical crystallite growth, whereas in the deep penetration mode, transcrystallite counter-growth of crystallites at an angle to the central penetration zone was observed.
Citation: Volodymyr Korzhyk, Oleksandr Babych, Xinxin Wang, Vladyslav Khaskin, Sviatoslav Peleshenko, Alla Chaika, Andrii Aloshyn, Yunqiang Zhao, Guirong, Yanchao Hu. The effect of the shielding environment on the structure and content of the main alloying elements during laser melting of Al-Mg and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloys by fiber laser irradiation[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2025, 12(6): 1296-1317. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2025060
The influence of argon shielding configurations for the weld pool on microstructure formation and the retention of principal alloying elements during partial penetration of Al-Mg and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys using fiber laser irradiation at a power of 900 W with a specific energy input of 100–130 J/mm was analyzed. The studies were conducted under the following conditions: (1) in an open chamber with local argon shielding; (2) in a sealed chamber filled with argon (pressure 1.05 MPa); (3) in the same chamber with additional argon flow onto the weld pool (flow rate 5–10 L/min); (4) in a sealed chamber with reduced argon pressure (170–190 Pa); and (5) in the same chamber with additional argon flow onto the weld pool (flow rate 5–10 L/min). For shielding schemes No. 1–No. 3, penetration depths of 0.20–0.23 mm were achieved. Application of schemes No. 4 and No. 5, as opposed to scheme No. 1, led to a reduction in oxide inclusions in the penetration cross-section from 3.0% to 1.5% or lower, which complied with ISO 13919-2:2001. However, this was accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of alloying elements, particularly Mg, Zn, and Cu, to 50%–70% or more, and a 10%–30% reduction in microhardness of the fusion zone relative to the base metal. The use of scheme No. 5 promoted a transition in penetration mode from heat conduction to deep penetration, accompanied by an increase in penetration depth up to five-fold and a reduction in alloying element burn-off. Laser penetration of the studied alloys was carried out in heat conduction mode. The regime promoted vertical crystallite growth, whereas in the deep penetration mode, transcrystallite counter-growth of crystallites at an angle to the central penetration zone was observed.
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Figures(8) / Tables(3)
Volodymyr Korzhyk, Oleksandr Babych, Xinxin Wang, Vladyslav Khaskin, Sviatoslav Peleshenko, Alla Chaika, Andrii Aloshyn, Yunqiang Zhao, Guirong, Yanchao Hu. The effect of the shielding environment on the structure and content of the main alloying elements during laser melting of Al-Mg and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloys by fiber laser irradiation[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2025, 12(6): 1296-1317. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2025060
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