Characterization and antibacterial/cytotoxic activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from <i>Dicranum scoparium</i> moss extracts growing in Armenia

Gayane Semerjyan; Inesa Semerjyan; Mikayel Ginovyan; Nikolay Avtandilyan; Gayane Semerjyan; Inesa Semerjyan; Mikayel Ginovyan; Nikolay Avtandilyan

doi:10.3934/biophy.2025003

AIMS Biophysics

2025, Volume 12, Issue 1: 29-42. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2025003

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Research article

Characterization and antibacterial/cytotoxic activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Dicranum scoparium moss extracts growing in Armenia

1.
Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
2.
Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia

Received: 02 December 2024 Revised: 27 January 2025 Accepted: 27 January 2025 Published: 05 February 2025

This study focuses on a simple, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly method for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Dicranum scoparium moss extract. It includes the characterization of the biosynthesized nanoparticles and an evaluation of their antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses confirmed that the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were within the nanoscale range (50–100 nm) and exhibited an irregular morphology. The biogenic nanoparticles demonstrate antibacterial activity against bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus mesentericus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results indicate a pronounced antibacterial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa compared to the tested Gram-positive bacteria, which is attributed to differences in the bacterial cell wall structure. Additionally, the green synthesized silver nanoparticles inhibited the growth of Mucor plumber, Geotrichum candidum, Cladosporium herbarum, and Aspergillus flavus mold fungi. Additionally, they expressed considerable cytotoxic properties against cancer cells.

Keywords:

Citation: Gayane Semerjyan, Inesa Semerjyan, Mikayel Ginovyan, Nikolay Avtandilyan. Characterization and antibacterial/cytotoxic activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Dicranum scoparium moss extracts growing in Armenia[J]. AIMS Biophysics, 2025, 12(1): 29-42. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2025003

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Abstract

Acknowledgments

Plant material was identified by Dr. A. Poghosyan from the Department of Botany and Mycology at YSU. Many thanks to Zaruhi Karabekian, Head of the Laboratory of Immunology and Tissue Engineering at the L. A. Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, for providing the HeLa cell line, which was purchased from the ATCC collection, and Susanna Gevorgyan from European XFEL GmbH for the TEM analysis. This work was supported by Basic support from the Research Institute of Biology of the YSU and project numbered 23LCG-1F010.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author contributions

The study's conception and design were the results of collective contributions from all authors. The investigations and analysis of results were carried out by GS, IS, and MG. GS and MG wrote the manuscript. NA directed the project, and corrected, and edited the manuscript. All authors participated in the revision and approval of the final version of the manuscript.

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