Range-extending Zinc-air battery for electric vehicle

Steven B. Sherman; Zachary P. Cano; Michael Fowler; Zhongwei Chen; Steven B. Sherman; Zachary P. Cano; Michael Fowler; Zhongwei Chen

doi:10.3934/energy.2018.1.121

AIMS Energy

2018, Volume 6, Issue 1: 121-145. doi: 10.3934/energy.2018.1.121

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Research article Topical Sections

Range-extending Zinc-air battery for electric vehicle

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

Received: 23 November 2017 Accepted: 15 January 2018 Published: 23 January 2018

A vehicle model is used to evaluate a novel powertrain that is comprised of a dual energy storage system (Dual ESS). The system includes two battery packs with different chemistries and the necessary electronic controls to facilitate their coordination and optimization. Here, a lithium-ion battery pack is used as the primary pack and a Zinc-air battery as the secondary or range-extending pack. Zinc-air batteries are usually considered unsuitable for use in vehicles due to their poor cycle life, but the model demonstrates the feasibility of this technology with an appropriate control strategy, with limited cycling of the range extender pack. The battery pack sizes and the battery control strategy are configured to optimize range, cost and longevity. In simulation the vehicle performance compares favourably to a similar vehicle with a single energy storage system (Single ESS) powertrain, travelling up to 75 km further under test conditions. The simulation demonstrates that the Zinc-air battery pack need only cycle 100 times to enjoy a ten-year lifespan. The Zinc-air battery model is based on leading Zinc-air battery research from literature, with some assumptions regarding achievable improvements. Having such a model clarifies the performance requirements of Zinc-air cells and improves the research community's ability to set performance targets for Zinc-air cells.
- range extender,
- Zinc-air battery,
- dual energy storage system,
- vehicle model,
- metal-air battery,
- single energy storage system,
- driving profile,
- vehicle use pattern
Citation: Steven B. Sherman, Zachary P. Cano, Michael Fowler, Zhongwei Chen. Range-extending Zinc-air battery for electric vehicle[J]. AIMS Energy, 2018, 6(1): 121-145. doi: 10.3934/energy.2018.1.121

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Abstract

A vehicle model is used to evaluate a novel powertrain that is comprised of a dual energy storage system (Dual ESS). The system includes two battery packs with different chemistries and the necessary electronic controls to facilitate their coordination and optimization. Here, a lithium-ion battery pack is used as the primary pack and a Zinc-air battery as the secondary or range-extending pack. Zinc-air batteries are usually considered unsuitable for use in vehicles due to their poor cycle life, but the model demonstrates the feasibility of this technology with an appropriate control strategy, with limited cycling of the range extender pack. The battery pack sizes and the battery control strategy are configured to optimize range, cost and longevity. In simulation the vehicle performance compares favourably to a similar vehicle with a single energy storage system (Single ESS) powertrain, travelling up to 75 km further under test conditions. The simulation demonstrates that the Zinc-air battery pack need only cycle 100 times to enjoy a ten-year lifespan. The Zinc-air battery model is based on leading Zinc-air battery research from literature, with some assumptions regarding achievable improvements. Having such a model clarifies the performance requirements of Zinc-air cells and improves the research community's ability to set performance targets for Zinc-air cells.

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