Rice husk biochar effects on improving soil properties and root development in rice (<i>Oryza glaberrima</i> Steud.) exposed to drought stress during early reproductive stage

Kartika Kartika; Jun-Ichi Sakagami; Benyamin Lakitan; Shin Yabuta; Isao Akagi; Laily Ilman Widuri; Erna Siaga; Hibiki Iwanaga; Arinal Haq Izzawati Nurrahma; Kartika Kartika; Jun-Ichi Sakagami; Benyamin Lakitan; Shin Yabuta; Isao Akagi; Laily Ilman Widuri; Erna Siaga; Hibiki Iwanaga; Arinal Haq Izzawati Nurrahma

doi:10.3934/agrfood.2021043

AIMS Agriculture and Food

2021, Volume 6, Issue 2: 737-751. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2021043

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Rice husk biochar effects on improving soil properties and root development in rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) exposed to drought stress during early reproductive stage

1.
Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
2.
College of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, Inderalaya 30662, Indonesia
3.
Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
4.
Research Center for Sub-optimal Lands (PUR-PLSO), Sriwijaya University, Palembang 30139, Indonesia
5.
College of Agriculture, Universitas Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia
6.
College of Agriculture, Universitas Bina Insan, Lubuklinggau 31626, Indonesia
7.
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan

Received: 24 March 2021 Accepted: 02 June 2021 Published: 08 June 2021

Benefits of biochar application on environment conservation and agricultural production have been widely studied. However, few studies were focused on root development. The objective of this study covered root and shoot development, yield, and soil properties associated with exposure of Oryza glaberrima rice during the early reproductive stage to drought stress in rice-husk amended soil. The biochar was amended at a rate of 10.5 g pot^-1, equivalent to 3 ton ha^-1. Biochar-amended and non-amended plants were exposed to drought stress after the panicles had visibly emerged in all plant populations. Biochar application caused less restriction on root elongation, volume, and surface area during water stress conditions. Enhanced root development was primarily associated with improvement in water status and chemical properties in biochar-amended soil. Soil chemical properties improved, including increased soil pH, available P, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable Mg. Under drought stress conditions, shoot growth was more sensitive than root growth, as indicated by the significant reduction of stem dry weight (SDW) and leaf dry weight (LDW). Fine roots in biochar-amended soil were longer than those in non-amended soil. In general, Biochar application enable the O. glaberrima rice to maintain yield under drought stress condition.
- rice husk biochar,
- root morphology,
- Oryza glaberrima,
- soil moisture,
- root volume,
- total surface area
Citation: Kartika Kartika, Jun-Ichi Sakagami, Benyamin Lakitan, Shin Yabuta, Isao Akagi, Laily Ilman Widuri, Erna Siaga, Hibiki Iwanaga, Arinal Haq Izzawati Nurrahma. Rice husk biochar effects on improving soil properties and root development in rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) exposed to drought stress during early reproductive stage[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2021, 6(2): 737-751. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2021043

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Abstract

Benefits of biochar application on environment conservation and agricultural production have been widely studied. However, few studies were focused on root development. The objective of this study covered root and shoot development, yield, and soil properties associated with exposure of Oryza glaberrima rice during the early reproductive stage to drought stress in rice-husk amended soil. The biochar was amended at a rate of 10.5 g pot^-1, equivalent to 3 ton ha^-1. Biochar-amended and non-amended plants were exposed to drought stress after the panicles had visibly emerged in all plant populations. Biochar application caused less restriction on root elongation, volume, and surface area during water stress conditions. Enhanced root development was primarily associated with improvement in water status and chemical properties in biochar-amended soil. Soil chemical properties improved, including increased soil pH, available P, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable Mg. Under drought stress conditions, shoot growth was more sensitive than root growth, as indicated by the significant reduction of stem dry weight (SDW) and leaf dry weight (LDW). Fine roots in biochar-amended soil were longer than those in non-amended soil. In general, Biochar application enable the O. glaberrima rice to maintain yield under drought stress condition.

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