Screening strategies and production of biosurfactants (BSs)/bioemulsifiers (BEs) from marine yeasts and fungi

Surekha K. Satpute; Ibrahim M. Banat; Samadhan R. Waghmode; Shrikant Hulkane; Mahima Bagayatkar; Riddhi Chakraborty; Surekha K. Satpute; Ibrahim M. Banat; Samadhan R. Waghmode; Shrikant Hulkane; Mahima Bagayatkar; Riddhi Chakraborty

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2025023

AIMS Microbiology

2025, Volume 11, Issue 3: 542-573. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2025023

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Review

Screening strategies and production of biosurfactants (BSs)/bioemulsifiers (BEs) from marine yeasts and fungi

1.
Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
2.
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, N. Ireland, UK
3.
Department of Microbiology, Elphinstone College, Fort, Mumbai, India

Received: 09 June 2025 Revised: 04 July 2025 Accepted: 11 July 2025 Published: 18 July 2025

The unique characteristics of the marine ecosystem support the existence of microorganisms with exceptional metabolic potential, enabling them to produce high-value bioactives. Among these, biosurfactants (BSs) and bioemulsifiers (BEs) are notable multifaceted molecules, distinguished by their unique structural, molecular, and functional properties. Marine yeasts and fungi produce BSs/BEs with distinctive properties in terms of stability under extreme conditions. It is important to mention here that in comparison to marine bacteria, yeast and fungi of the same habitat have been explored only intermittently. Some of the BSs/BEs producing bacteria may prove to have some pathogenic or cytotoxic traits or components, while most yeasts are mainly classified as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) (by the Food and Drug Administration-FDA, USA), making their BSs/BEs products more amenable for a wide range of applications. The diverse and unique potential of surface-active agents is further enhanced by the endosymbiotic associations often found in marine yeasts and fungi. These microorganisms are acknowledged to produce glycolipidic (rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, and mannosylerythritol lipids) or glycolipoproteins. The SL have been reported well for their strong antimicrobial activity, including effectiveness against drug-resistant pathogens, making them promising candidates for controlling foodborne pathogens in the food industry. Furthermore, these microorganisms can utilize a broad range of carbon sources from simple substrates, like glucose and glycerol, to complex feedstocks such as food, oil, agricultural waste, and wastewater, which not only support their growth but also promote the production of substantial yields of these BSs/BEs. In this review, we endeavor to explore BSs/BEs from marine yeasts and fungi, including the screening, characterization, identification, production, and importance.
- Antimicrobials,
- biosurfactants,
- bioemulsifiers,
- fungi,
- GRAS,
- screening assays,
- Yeast,
- renewable substrates
Citation: Surekha K. Satpute, Ibrahim M. Banat, Samadhan R. Waghmode, Shrikant Hulkane, Mahima Bagayatkar, Riddhi Chakraborty. Screening strategies and production of biosurfactants (BSs)/bioemulsifiers (BEs) from marine yeasts and fungi[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2025, 11(3): 542-573. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2025023

Related Papers:

Abstract

The unique characteristics of the marine ecosystem support the existence of microorganisms with exceptional metabolic potential, enabling them to produce high-value bioactives. Among these, biosurfactants (BSs) and bioemulsifiers (BEs) are notable multifaceted molecules, distinguished by their unique structural, molecular, and functional properties. Marine yeasts and fungi produce BSs/BEs with distinctive properties in terms of stability under extreme conditions. It is important to mention here that in comparison to marine bacteria, yeast and fungi of the same habitat have been explored only intermittently. Some of the BSs/BEs producing bacteria may prove to have some pathogenic or cytotoxic traits or components, while most yeasts are mainly classified as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) (by the Food and Drug Administration-FDA, USA), making their BSs/BEs products more amenable for a wide range of applications. The diverse and unique potential of surface-active agents is further enhanced by the endosymbiotic associations often found in marine yeasts and fungi. These microorganisms are acknowledged to produce glycolipidic (rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, and mannosylerythritol lipids) or glycolipoproteins. The SL have been reported well for their strong antimicrobial activity, including effectiveness against drug-resistant pathogens, making them promising candidates for controlling foodborne pathogens in the food industry. Furthermore, these microorganisms can utilize a broad range of carbon sources from simple substrates, like glucose and glycerol, to complex feedstocks such as food, oil, agricultural waste, and wastewater, which not only support their growth but also promote the production of substantial yields of these BSs/BEs. In this review, we endeavor to explore BSs/BEs from marine yeasts and fungi, including the screening, characterization, identification, production, and importance.

Acknowledgments

Dr. Surekha Satpute would like to thank Savitribai Phule Pune University, India for financial support.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author contributions

Dr. Surekha K. Satpute, Samadhan R. Waghmode wrote the preliminary draft of the article. Dr. Surekha K. Satpute, Shrikant Hulkane and Mahima Bagayatkar and Riddhi Chakraborty curated data, designed images and edited the manuscript. Dr. Surekha K. Satpute and Prof. Banat conceptualized, designed methodology and edited the manuscript. All authors have approved its publication.

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