Cecum microbiota in rats fed soy, milk, meat, fish, and egg proteins with prebiotic oligosaccharides

Souliphone Sivixay; Gaowa Bai; Takeshi Tsuruta; Naoki Nishino; Souliphone Sivixay; Gaowa Bai; Takeshi Tsuruta; Naoki Nishino

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2021001

AIMS Microbiology

2021, Volume 7, Issue 1: 1-12. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2021001

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Research article

Cecum microbiota in rats fed soy, milk, meat, fish, and egg proteins with prebiotic oligosaccharides

1.
Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
2.
Department of Health Science and Social Welfare, Takahashi, Japan

Received: 03 November 2020 Accepted: 12 January 2021 Published: 14 January 2021

Diet is considered the most influential factor in modulating the gut microbiota but how dietary protein sources differ in their modulatory effects is not well understood. In this study, soy, meat (mixture of beef and pork), and fish proteins (experiment 1) and soy, milk (casein), and egg proteins (experiment 2) were fed to rats with cellulose (CEL) and raffinose (RAF); the microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acid concentration in the cecum were determined. Egg protein feeding decreased the concentration of acetic acid and the richness and diversity of the cecum microbiota. RAF feeding increased the concentrations of acetic and propionic acids and decreased the richness and diversity of the cecum microbiota. When fed with CEL, the abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae, Akkermansiaceae and Tannerellaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae enhanced with soy protein, meat and fish proteins, and egg protein, respectively. The effects of dietary proteins diminished with RAF feeding and the abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Lachnospiraceae increased and that of Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae decreased regardless of the protein source. These results indicate that, although the effect of prebiotics is more robust and distinctive, dietary protein sources may influence the composition and metabolic activities of the gut microbiota. The stimulatory effects of soy, meat, and egg proteins on Christensenellaceae, Akkermansiaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae deserve further examination to better elucidate the dietary manipulation of the gut microbiota.
- diet, gut,
- microbiota,
- protein,
- prebiotics
Citation: Souliphone Sivixay, Gaowa Bai, Takeshi Tsuruta, Naoki Nishino. Cecum microbiota in rats fed soy, milk, meat, fish, and egg proteins with prebiotic oligosaccharides[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2021, 7(1): 1-12. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2021001

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Abstract

Diet is considered the most influential factor in modulating the gut microbiota but how dietary protein sources differ in their modulatory effects is not well understood. In this study, soy, meat (mixture of beef and pork), and fish proteins (experiment 1) and soy, milk (casein), and egg proteins (experiment 2) were fed to rats with cellulose (CEL) and raffinose (RAF); the microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acid concentration in the cecum were determined. Egg protein feeding decreased the concentration of acetic acid and the richness and diversity of the cecum microbiota. RAF feeding increased the concentrations of acetic and propionic acids and decreased the richness and diversity of the cecum microbiota. When fed with CEL, the abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae, Akkermansiaceae and Tannerellaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae enhanced with soy protein, meat and fish proteins, and egg protein, respectively. The effects of dietary proteins diminished with RAF feeding and the abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Lachnospiraceae increased and that of Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae decreased regardless of the protein source. These results indicate that, although the effect of prebiotics is more robust and distinctive, dietary protein sources may influence the composition and metabolic activities of the gut microbiota. The stimulatory effects of soy, meat, and egg proteins on Christensenellaceae, Akkermansiaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae deserve further examination to better elucidate the dietary manipulation of the gut microbiota.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, N.N.; investigation, S.S. and G.B; resources, T.T. and N.N.; data curation, S.S. and G.B; writing—original draft preparation, S.S.; writing—review and editing, N.N.; supervision, T.T. and N.N.; funding acquisition, N.N.

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