Shoreline change assessment in rapidly urbanizing coastal megacities using geospatial techniques

Komali Kantamaneni; Qiong Li; Randika K Makumbura; Haotian Wu; Mingyu Zhu; Athanasia Apostolopoulou; Weijie Xu; Inji Kenawy; Lakshmi Priya Rajendran; Carlos Jimenez-Bescos; Venkatesh Ravichandran; Surendran Udayar Pillai; Upaka Rathnayake; Komali Kantamaneni; Qiong Li; Randika K Makumbura; Haotian Wu; Mingyu Zhu; Athanasia Apostolopoulou; Weijie Xu; Inji Kenawy; Lakshmi Priya Rajendran; Carlos Jimenez-Bescos; Venkatesh Ravichandran; Surendran Udayar Pillai; Upaka Rathnayake

doi:10.3934/geosci.2025031

AIMS Geosciences

2025, Volume 11, Issue 3: 725-752. doi: 10.3934/geosci.2025031

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Research article

Shoreline change assessment in rapidly urbanizing coastal megacities using geospatial techniques

1.
School of Engineering, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
2.
United Nations- UK Regional Support Office, University of Central Lancashire, United Kingdom
3.
School of Architecture, South China University of Technology, Wushan, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China
4.
Water Resources Management and Soft Computing Research Laboratory, Athurugiriya, 10150, Sri Lanka
5.
School of Social & Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
6.
Nottingham Geospatial Institute, Nottingham University, 30 Triumph Rd, Lenton, Nottingham NG7 2TU, United Kingdom
7.
Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
8.
School of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburg Napier University, Merchiston Campus, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, United Kingdom
9.
The Bartlett School of Architecture, The Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
10.
School of Built and Natural Environment, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby DE22 1GB, United Kingdom
11.
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institutes of Technology–Guwahati, Assam, India
12.
ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur, India
13.
Department of Civil & Construction, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Atlantic Technological University, Ash Lane, Sligo F91 YW50, Ireland

Received: 03 February 2025 Revised: 17 June 2025 Accepted: 15 July 2025 Published: 26 August 2025

Coastal megacities face significant threats from various climate-induced hazards, including cyclones, storm surges, rising sea levels, coastal landslides, and floods. In recent decades, rapid urbanization and a range of anthropogenic pressures have exacerbated the vulnerability of these coastal regions. To assess the current level of coastal vulnerability, we focused on two Asian coastal megacities: Shenzhen and Shanghai. Using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to evaluate coastal erosion vulnerability and shoreline changes from 1990 to 2022, we employed Shoreline Change Envelope (SCE) and Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) to measure the distance of shoreline change, while the rate of shoreline change was calculated with the End Point Rate (EPR). To simplify the DSAS analysis and highlight significant findings, Shenzhen's coastline was divided into two sections: The western coast (C1) and the eastern coastline (C2). The SCE results indicated a noteworthy seaward shoreline shift of 4.5 km in section C1 from 1990 to 2010, while section C2 experienced a significant alteration, extending 2.5 km seaward during the same period. In contrast, Shanghai exhibited a remarkable shoreline change, extending 6.5 km seaward between 1990 and 2010. NSM analysis revealed that within region C2, the maximum recorded erosion from 1990 to 2022 was 920 m, with the furthest observed accretion reaching 2,483 m. Additionally, results indicated that in section C1, the lowest shoreline change rate was −11.9 m/year, illustrating erosion, while Shanghai's minimum shoreline change rate was −3.04 m/year, also indicating a trend of erosion. The findings from this study, combined with the vulnerability maps, will aid policymakers and decision-makers in developing strategies to enhance the quality of life for coastal communities.
- coastal megacities,
- coastal erosion,
- China,
- shoreline changes,
- vulnerability assessment
Citation: Komali Kantamaneni, Qiong Li, Randika K Makumbura, Haotian Wu, Mingyu Zhu, Athanasia Apostolopoulou, Weijie Xu, Inji Kenawy, Lakshmi Priya Rajendran, Carlos Jimenez-Bescos, Venkatesh Ravichandran, Surendran Udayar Pillai, Upaka Rathnayake. Shoreline change assessment in rapidly urbanizing coastal megacities using geospatial techniques[J]. AIMS Geosciences, 2025, 11(3): 725-752. doi: 10.3934/geosci.2025031

Related Papers:

Abstract

Coastal megacities face significant threats from various climate-induced hazards, including cyclones, storm surges, rising sea levels, coastal landslides, and floods. In recent decades, rapid urbanization and a range of anthropogenic pressures have exacerbated the vulnerability of these coastal regions. To assess the current level of coastal vulnerability, we focused on two Asian coastal megacities: Shenzhen and Shanghai. Using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to evaluate coastal erosion vulnerability and shoreline changes from 1990 to 2022, we employed Shoreline Change Envelope (SCE) and Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) to measure the distance of shoreline change, while the rate of shoreline change was calculated with the End Point Rate (EPR). To simplify the DSAS analysis and highlight significant findings, Shenzhen's coastline was divided into two sections: The western coast (C1) and the eastern coastline (C2). The SCE results indicated a noteworthy seaward shoreline shift of 4.5 km in section C1 from 1990 to 2010, while section C2 experienced a significant alteration, extending 2.5 km seaward during the same period. In contrast, Shanghai exhibited a remarkable shoreline change, extending 6.5 km seaward between 1990 and 2010. NSM analysis revealed that within region C2, the maximum recorded erosion from 1990 to 2022 was 920 m, with the furthest observed accretion reaching 2,483 m. Additionally, results indicated that in section C1, the lowest shoreline change rate was −11.9 m/year, illustrating erosion, while Shanghai's minimum shoreline change rate was −3.04 m/year, also indicating a trend of erosion. The findings from this study, combined with the vulnerability maps, will aid policymakers and decision-makers in developing strategies to enhance the quality of life for coastal communities.

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