Electrosprayed highly cross-linked arabinoxylan particles: effect of partly fermentation on the inhibition of Caco-2 cells proliferation

Mayra A. Mendez-Encinas; Dora E. Valencia-Rivera; Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan; Humberto Astiazaran-Garcia; Agustín Rascón-Chu; Francisco Brown-Bojorquez; Mayra A. Mendez-Encinas; Dora E. Valencia-Rivera; Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan; Humberto Astiazaran-Garcia; Agustín Rascón-Chu; Francisco Brown-Bojorquez

doi:10.3934/bioeng.2021006

AIMS Bioengineering

2021, Volume 8, Issue 1: 52-70. doi: 10.3934/bioeng.2021006

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Electrosprayed highly cross-linked arabinoxylan particles: effect of partly fermentation on the inhibition of Caco-2 cells proliferation

1.
Research Center for Food and Development (CIAD, AC), Carretera Gustavo E. Astiazaran Rosas No. 46, Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico
2.
Department of Chemical Biological and Agropecuary Sciences, University of Sonora. Avenida Universidad e Irigoyen, Caborca, Sonora 83621, Mexico
3.
Department of Polymers and Materials, University of Sonora. Rosales y Blvd. Luis D. Colosio, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico

Received: 01 November 2020 Accepted: 18 December 2020 Published: 23 December 2020

Abstract
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Arabinoxylans (AX) are gelling polysaccharides with potential applications as colon-targeted biomaterials. Nevertheless, the fermentation of highly cross-linked AX particles (AXP) by colonic bacteria and the effect of its fermentation supernatants on the proliferation of human colon cancer cells have not been investigated so far. In this study, electrosprayed AXP were fermented by Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Bacteroides ovatus. The effect of AXP fermentation supernatant (AXP-fs) on the inhibition of the human colon cancer cell line Caco-2 proliferation was investigated. AXP presented a mean diameter of 533 µm, a spherical shape, and a cross-linking content (dimers and trimers of ferulic acid) of 1.65 µg/mg polysaccharide. After 48 h of bacteria exposure, AXP were only partly fermented, probably due to polymeric network steric hindrance that limits the access of bacterial enzymes to the polysaccharide target sites. AXP partial fermentation was evidenced by a moderate short-chain fatty acid production (SCFA) (23 mM) and a collapsed and disintegrated microstructure revealed by scanning electron microscopy. AXP-fs exerted slight inhibition of Caco-2 cell proliferation (11%), which could be attributed to the SCFA generated during partly polysaccharide fermentation. These findings indicate that electrosprayed AXP are a slow-fermentable biomaterial presenting slight anti-cancer properties and potential application in colon cancer prevention.
- ferulated arabinoxylan,
- ferulic acid,
- antiproliferative activity
Citation: Mayra A. Mendez-Encinas, Dora E. Valencia-Rivera, Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan, Humberto Astiazaran-Garcia, Agustín Rascón-Chu, Francisco Brown-Bojorquez. Electrosprayed highly cross-linked arabinoxylan particles: effect of partly fermentation on the inhibition of Caco-2 cells proliferation[J]. AIMS Bioengineering, 2021, 8(1): 52-70. doi: 10.3934/bioeng.2021006

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Abstract

Arabinoxylans (AX) are gelling polysaccharides with potential applications as colon-targeted biomaterials. Nevertheless, the fermentation of highly cross-linked AX particles (AXP) by colonic bacteria and the effect of its fermentation supernatants on the proliferation of human colon cancer cells have not been investigated so far. In this study, electrosprayed AXP were fermented by Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Bacteroides ovatus. The effect of AXP fermentation supernatant (AXP-fs) on the inhibition of the human colon cancer cell line Caco-2 proliferation was investigated. AXP presented a mean diameter of 533 µm, a spherical shape, and a cross-linking content (dimers and trimers of ferulic acid) of 1.65 µg/mg polysaccharide. After 48 h of bacteria exposure, AXP were only partly fermented, probably due to polymeric network steric hindrance that limits the access of bacterial enzymes to the polysaccharide target sites. AXP partial fermentation was evidenced by a moderate short-chain fatty acid production (SCFA) (23 mM) and a collapsed and disintegrated microstructure revealed by scanning electron microscopy. AXP-fs exerted slight inhibition of Caco-2 cell proliferation (11%), which could be attributed to the SCFA generated during partly polysaccharide fermentation. These findings indicate that electrosprayed AXP are a slow-fermentable biomaterial presenting slight anti-cancer properties and potential application in colon cancer prevention.

Acknowledgments

Funding: This work was supported by the “Fund to support research on the Sonora-Arizona region 2019”, Mexico [Grant: to E. Carvajal-Millan]. The authors are pleased to acknowledge Alma C. Campa-Mada and Karla G. Martínez-Robinson (CIAD) for their technical assistance and to J. Alfonso Sánchez Villegas for technical assistance in the electrospray system.

Author contributions

Mayra A. Mendez-Encinas: Original draft preparation, Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Formal Analysis. Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan: Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition, Conceptualization, Writing- Reviewing and Editing, Validation. Agustín Rascon-Chu: Writing- Reviewing and Editing, Conceptualization, Resources, Validation. Humberto Astiazaran-Garcia: Writing- Reviewing and Editing, Conceptualization, Validation. Dora E. Valencia-Rivera: Writing- Reviewing and Editing, Conceptualization, Validation. Francisco Brown-Bojorquez: Writing- Reviewing and Editing, Resources.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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