Research article Special Issues

The Association between Point-of-Sale Advertising Bans and Youth Experimental Smoking: Findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS)

  • Received: 28 July 2015 Accepted: 10 December 2015 Published: 18 December 2015
  • Background and Objectives: while existing research has demonstrated a positive association between exposure to point-of-sale (POS) tobacco advertising and youth smoking, there is limited evidence on the relationship between POS advertising restrictions and experimental smoking among youth. This study aims to fill this research gap by analyzing the association between POS advertising bans and youths' experimental smoking. Methods: Global Youth Tobacco Surveys from 130 countries during 2007-2011 were linked to the WHO “MPOWER” tobacco control policy measures to analyze the association between POS advertising bans (a dichotomous measure of the existence of such bans) and experimental smoking using weighted logistic regressions. All analyses were clustered at the country level and controlled for age, parents' smoking status, GDP per capita, and country-level tobacco control scores in monitoring tobacco use, protecting people from smoke, offering help to quit, warning about the dangers of tobacco, enforcing promotion/advertising bans, and raising taxes on tobacco. Results: The results suggest that a POS advertising ban is significantly associated with reduced experimental smoking among youth (OR = 0.63, p < 0.01), and that this association is seen for both genders (boys OR = 0.74, p < 0.1; girls OR = 0.52, p < 0.001). Conclusions: POS advertising bans are significantly associated with reduced experimental smoking among youth. Adopting POS advertising bans has the potential to reduce tobacco use among their youth in countries currently without such bans.

    Citation: Ce Shang, Jidong Huang, Qing Li, Frank J Chaloupka. The Association between Point-of-Sale Advertising Bans and Youth Experimental Smoking: Findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS)[J]. AIMS Public Health, 2015, 2(4): 832-843. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2015.4.832

    Related Papers:

  • Background and Objectives: while existing research has demonstrated a positive association between exposure to point-of-sale (POS) tobacco advertising and youth smoking, there is limited evidence on the relationship between POS advertising restrictions and experimental smoking among youth. This study aims to fill this research gap by analyzing the association between POS advertising bans and youths' experimental smoking. Methods: Global Youth Tobacco Surveys from 130 countries during 2007-2011 were linked to the WHO “MPOWER” tobacco control policy measures to analyze the association between POS advertising bans (a dichotomous measure of the existence of such bans) and experimental smoking using weighted logistic regressions. All analyses were clustered at the country level and controlled for age, parents' smoking status, GDP per capita, and country-level tobacco control scores in monitoring tobacco use, protecting people from smoke, offering help to quit, warning about the dangers of tobacco, enforcing promotion/advertising bans, and raising taxes on tobacco. Results: The results suggest that a POS advertising ban is significantly associated with reduced experimental smoking among youth (OR = 0.63, p < 0.01), and that this association is seen for both genders (boys OR = 0.74, p < 0.1; girls OR = 0.52, p < 0.001). Conclusions: POS advertising bans are significantly associated with reduced experimental smoking among youth. Adopting POS advertising bans has the potential to reduce tobacco use among their youth in countries currently without such bans.


    加载中
    [1] Feighery EC, Ribisl KM, Schleicher NC, et al. (2004) Retailer participation in cigarette company incentive programs is related to increased levels of cigarette advertising and cheaper cigarette prices in stores. Prev Med. 38:876-884. PMID: 15193911. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.12.027 doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.12.027
    [2] Pollay RW. (2007) More than meets the eye: on the importance of retail cigarette merchandising. Tob Control.16:270-274. PMID: 17652243. PMCID: PMC2598544 doi:10.1136/tc.2006.018978
    [3] Wakefield M, Terry-McElrath Y, Chaloupka F, et al. (2002) Tobacco industry marketing at point of purchase after the 1998 MSA billboard advertising ban. Am J Public Health. 92(6): 937-940. PMCID: PMC1447487. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.92.6.937
    [4] Wakefield M, Morley C, Horan J, et al.. (2002) The cigarette pack as image: new evidence from tobacco industry documents. Tob Control. 11: Suppl 1: i73-i80. PMID: 11893817. PMCID: PMC1766062 doi:10.1136/tc.11.suppl_1.i73
    [5] Bloom PN. (2001) Role of slotting fees and trade promotions in shaping how tobacco is marketed in retail stores. Tob Control. 10:340-344. PMID: 11740025. PMCID: PMC1747601. doi: 10.1136/tc.10.4.340 doi: 10.1136/tc.10.4.340
    [6] Lavack AM, Toth G. (2006) Tobacco point-of-purchase promotion: examining tobacco industry documents. Tob Control. 15:377-384. PMID: 16998172. PMCID: PMC2563651. doi: 10.1136/tc.2005.014639 doi: 10.1136/tc.2005.014639
    [7] State of Evidence Review. Institute for Global Tobacco Control. Point of Sale Promotion of Tobacco Products January 2013 Available from: http://globaltobaccocontrol.org/sites/default/files/2013POS_soe.pdf
    [8] Henriksen L, Feighery E, Wang Y, et al. (2004) Association of retail tobacco marketing with adolescent smoking. Am J Public Health. 94(12): 2081-2083. PMID: 15569957. PMCID: PMC1448595. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.94.12.2081
    [9] Schooler C, Feighery E, Flora J. (1996) Seventh graders' self-reported exposure to cigarette marketing and its relationship to their smoking behavior. Am J Public Health. 86(9): 1216-1221. PMID: 8806371. PMCID: PMC1380582. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.86.9.1216
    [10] Cohen J, Planinac L, Griffin K, et al. (2008) Tobacco promotions at point-of-sale: the last hurrah. Can J Public Health. 99(3): 166-171. PMID: 18615934.
    [11] Robertson L, McGee R, Marsh L, et al. (2015) A systematic review on the impact of point-of-sale tobacco promotion on smoking. Nicotine Tob Res, Jan; 17(1):2-17. PMID: 25173775 doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu168
    [12] Paynter J, Edwards R. (2009) The impact of tobacco promotion at the point of sale: a systematic review. Nicotine Tob Res.11:25-35. PMID: 19246438. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntn002
    [13] Henriksen L, Feighery E, Schleicher N, et al. (2004) Reaching youth at the point of sale: cigarette marketing is more prevalent in stores where adolescents shop frequently. Tob Control. 13(3): 315-318. PMID: 15333890. PMCID: PMC1747887. doi:10.1136/tc.2003.006577
    [14] Donovan R, Jance J, Jones S. (2002) Tobacco point of sale advertising increases positive brand user imagery. Tob Control. 11(3): 191-194. PMID: 12198267. PMCID: PMC1759002. doi:10.1136/tc.11.3.191
    [15] Feighery E, Henriksen L, Wang Y, et al. (2006) An evaluation of four measures of adolescents' exposure to cigarette marketing in stores. Nicotine Tob Res. 8(6): 751-759. PMID: 17132522. doi: 10.1080/14622200601004125
    [16] Slater S, Chaloupka F, Wakefield M, et al. (2007) The impact of retail cigarette marketing practices on youth smoking uptake. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 161(5): 440-445. PMID: 17485618. doi:10.1001/archpedi.161.5.440
    [17] Paynter J, Edwards R, Schluter P, et al. (2009) Point of sale tobacco displays and smoking among 14-15 year olds in New Zealand: a cross-sectional study. Tob Control. 18(4): 268-274. PMID: 19633143. doi:10.1136/tc.2008.027482
    [18] Henriksen L, Feighery EC, Schleicher NC, et al.(2008) Is adolescent smoking related to the density and proximity of tobacco outlets and retail cigarette advertising near schools? Prev Med.47:210-214. PMID: 18544462. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.04.008.
    [19] Kim AE, Loomis BR, Busey AH, et al. (2013) Influence of retail cigarette advertising, price promotions, and retailer compliance on youth smoking-related attitudes and behaviors. J Public Health Manag Pract. 19:E1-E9. PMID: 23715218. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182980c47
    [20] Kim AE, Nonnemaker JM, Loomis BR, et al. (2013) Influence of tobacco displays and ads on youth: a virtual store experiment. Pediatrics. 131:e88-e95. PMID: 23209108. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-0197.
    [21] Mackintosh AM, Moodie C, Hastings G. (2012) The association between point of-sale displays and youth smoking susceptibility. Nicotine Tob Res.14:616-620. PMID: 21908461. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr185
    [22] Adams ML, Jason LA, Pokorny S, et al. (2013) Exploration of the link between tobacco retailers in school neighborhoods and student smoking. J Sch Health. 83:112-118. PMID: 23331271. PMCID: PMC3556821. doi: 10.1111/josh.12006. doi: 10.1111/josh.12006
    [23] Johns M, Sacks R, Rane M, et al. (2013) Exposure to tobacco retail outlets and smoking initiation among New York City adolescents. J Urban Health. 90:1091-1101. PMID: 23700202. PMCID: PMC3853172. doi: 10.1007/s11524-013-9810-2. doi: 10.1007/s11524-013-9810-2
    [24] Kirchner TR, Cantrell J, Anesetti-Rothermel A, et al. (2013) Geospatial exposure to point-of-sale tobacco: real-time craving and smoking-cessation outcomes. Am J Prev Med. 45:379-385. PMID: 24050412. PMCID: PMC3810071. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.05.016. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.05.016
    [25] Loomis BR, Kim AE, Busey AH, et al. (2012) The density of tobacco retailers and its association with attitudes toward smoking, exposure to point-of-sale tobacco advertising, cigarette purchasing, and smoking among New York youth. Prev Med. 55:468-474. PMID: 22960255. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.08.014. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.08.014
    [26] McCarthy WJ, Mistry R, Lu Y, et al. (2009) Density of tobacco retailers near schools: effects on tobacco use among students. AmJ Public Health. 99:2006-2013. PMID: 19820214. PMCID: PMC2759807. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.145128. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.145128
    [27] West JH, Blumberg EJ, Kelley NJ, et al. (2010) Does proximity to retailers influence alcohol and tobacco use among Latino adolescents? J Immigr Minor Health. 12:626-633. PMID: 19936923. PMCID: PMC2904835. doi: 10.1007/s10903-009-9303-2 doi: 10.1007/s10903-009-9303-2
    [28] Dubray JM, Schwartz RM, Garcia JM, et al. (2009) Vendor compliance with Ontario's tobacco point of sale legislation. Can J Public Health. 100:109-112. PMID: 19839285
    [29] Quedley M, Ng B, Sapre N, et al. (2008) In sight, in mind: retailer compliance with legislation on limiting retail tobacco displays. Nicotine Tob Res.10:1347-1354. PMID: 18686182. doi: 10.1080/14622200802238860.
    [30] Widome R, Brock B, Noble P, et al. (2012) The relationship of point-of-sale tobacco advertising and neighborhood characteristics to underage sales of tobacco. Eval Health Prof. 35:331-345. PMID: 22615496. doi: 10.1177/0163278712447624. doi: 10.1177/0163278712447624
    [31] Spanopoulos D, Britton J, McNeill A, et al.(2014) Tobacco display and brand communication at the point of sale: implications for adolescent smoking behaviour. Tob Control. 23:64-69. PMID: 23449398. PMCID: PMC3888631. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050765.
    [32] Shadel WG, Martino SC, Setodji C, et al. (2013) Exposure to pro-smoking media in college students: does type of media channel differentially contribute to smoking risk? Ann Behav Med.45:387-392. PMID: 23536120. PMCID: PMC3644016. doi: 10.1007/s12160-012-9461-7
    [33] Dauphinee AL, Doxey JR, Schleicher NC, et al. (2013) Racial differences in cigarette brand recognition and impact on youth smoking. BMC Public Health.13:170. PMID: 23442215. PMCID: PMC3586353. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-170
    [34] Henriksen L, Schleicher NC, Feighery EC, et al. (2010) A longitudinal study of exposure to retail cigarette advertising and smoking initiation. Pediatrics.126:232-238. PMID: 20643725. PMCID: PMC3046636. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-3021.
    [35] World Health Organization, Tobacco Free Initiative (TFI): MPOWER. Available from: http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/en/
    [36] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Tobacco Products: Deeming Tobacco Products To Be Subject to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as Amended by the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, April 2014. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ucm394909.htm
    [37] Li L, Borland R, Fong GT, et al. (2013) Impact of point-of-sale tobacco display bans: findings from the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey. Health Educ Res. 28:898-910. PMID: 23640986. PMCID: PMC3772332. doi: 10.1093/her/cyt058. doi: 10.1093/her/cyt058
    [38] McNeill A, Lewis S, Quinn C, et al. (2011) Evaluation of the removal of point-of-sale tobacco displays in Ireland. Tob Control. 20:137-143. PMID: 21088060. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.038141 doi: 10.1136/tc.2010.038141
    [39] Quinn C, Lewis S, Edwards R, et al. (2011) Economic evaluation of the removal of tobacco promotional displays in Ireland. Tob Control. 20:151-155. PMID: 21088059. doi: 10.1136/tc.2010.039602. doi: 10.1136/tc.2010.039602
    [40] Scheffels J, Lavik R. (2013) Out of sight, out of mind? Removal of point-of-sale tobacco displays in Norway. Tob Control. 22:e37-e42. PMID: 22678299. PMCID: PMC3731079. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050341
    [41] Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Tobacco Use: Objectives. Available from: http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/tobacco-use/objectives
    [42] World Health Organization. Guidelines for Implementation of Article 13 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Available from: http://www.who.int/fctc/guidelines/article_13.pdf
    [43] Gravely S, Fong GT, Cummings KM, et al. Correction: Gravely, S., et al. (2014) Awareness, Trial, and Current Use of Electronic Cigarettes in 10 Countries: Findings from the ITC Project. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health , 11, 11691-11704. PMID: 25421063. PMCID: PMC4245638. doi: 10.3390/ijerph111111691
    [44] Thompson ME. (2008) International surveys: Motives and methodologies. Symposium 2008: Data Collection: Challenges, Achievements and New Directions. Component of Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 11-522-X. Statistics Canada's International Symposium Series: Proceedings. http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-522-x/2008000/article/10937-eng.pdfThe
    [45] Global Youth Tobacco Survey Collaborative Group. (2002) Tobacco use among youth: a cross country comparison. Tob Control ;11:252-270. PMID: 12198280. PMCID: PMC1759013. doi:10.1136/tc.11.3.252.
  • Reader Comments
  • © 2015 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

Metrics

Article views(8111) PDF downloads(1622) Cited by(11)

Article outline

Figures and Tables

Tables(4)

/

DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
Return
Return

Catalog