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Bifurcations and multistability on the May-Holling-Tanner predation model considering alternative food for the predators

1 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile
3 Departamento de Matemática, Física y Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile

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In this paper a modified May-Holling-Tanner predator-prey model is analyzed, considering an alternative food for predators, when the quantity of prey i scarce. Our obtained results not only extend but also complement existing ones for this model, achieved in previous articles. The model presents rich dynamics for different sets of the parameter values; it is possible to prove the existence of: (i) a separatrix curve on the phase plane dividing the behavior of the trajectories, which can have different $\omega -limit$; this implies that solutions nearest to that separatrix are highly sensitive to initial conditions, (ii) a homoclinic curve generated by the stable and unstable manifolds of a saddle point in the interior of the first quadrant, whose break generates a non-infinitesimal limit cycle, (iii) different kinds of bifurcations, such as: saddle-node, Hopf, Bogdanov-Takens, homoclinic and multiple Hopf bifurcations. (iv) up to two limit cycles surrounding a positive equilibrium point, which is locally asymptotically stable. Thus, the phenomenon of tri-stability can exist, since simultaneously can coexist a stable limit cycle, joint with two locally asymptotically stable equilibrium points, one of them over the $y-axis$ and the other positive singularity. Numerical simulations supporting the main mathematical outcomes are shown and some of their ecological meanings are discussed.
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Citation: Eduardo González-Olivares, Claudio Arancibia-Ibarra, Alejandro Rojas-Palma, Betsabé González-Yañez. Bifurcations and multistability on the May-Holling-Tanner predation model considering alternative food for the predators. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2019, 16(5): 4274-4298. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2019213

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