Floating cage aquaculture production in Indonesia: Assessment of opportunities and challenges in Lake Maninjau

Junaidi; Hafrijal Syandri; Azrita; Abdullah Munzir; Junaidi; Hafrijal Syandri; Azrita; Abdullah Munzir

doi:10.3934/environsci.2022001

AIMS Environmental Science

2022, Volume 9, Issue 1: 1-15. doi: 10.3934/environsci.2022001

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Research article Special Issues

Floating cage aquaculture production in Indonesia: Assessment of opportunities and challenges in Lake Maninjau

1.
Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Bung Hatta Padang, West Sumatera, 25133
2.
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bung Hatta University, Padang, Indonesia
3.
Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, Bung Hatta University, Padang, Indonesia

Received: 08 October 2021 Revised: 18 December 2021 Accepted: 22 December 2021 Published: 18 January 2022

Aquaculture in floating cages in Lake Maninjau has recorded significant growth, even as the largest contributor to total annual aquacultural production in West Sumatra Province. In this study, we assessed the output of floating net cages in Lake Maninjau, Indonesia. We analyzed the characteristics of fish farming, fish fry, feed supply, and production, and the challenges and opportunities for increasing aquacultural production in the future. We used purposive sampling in this study with an interview questionnaire to obtain information from 80 fish-cultivating households in Lake Maninjau. We then used descriptive statistical methods of data analysis. The results showed that in 2018, there were 17596 floating net cages. The majority (n = 33, 41.25%) of fish farmers have 20 to 40 floating net cages per household, and 67.5% (n = 54) are used for tilapia cultivation. We recorded that 77.5% (n = 62) of fingerlings were sourced from private hatcheries. Six companies supply commercial feed pellets in an amount of 2000 tons per month for aquaculture activities. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Ltd. provides 35% of the feed. The fish species cultivated were Nile tilapia, common carp, giant gourami, Clarias catfish, and pangasius catfish, with gross yields (kg/m³/cycle) of 12, 11.5, 10.4, 7.88, and 8.89, respectively. Fish farmers face challenging conditions: poor water quality, mass mortality of tilapia, high fish feed prices and low fish sale prices, and noncash payments. We recommend ensuring the development of floating net cages in Lake Maninjau for a more sustainable future. Therefore, it is necessary to operate as many as 6000 nets to meet guidelines for carrying capacity and cultivation based on the Regional Regulation of Agam Regency Number 5 of 2014 concerning the management of Maninjau Lake, which is accessible proportionally by eight villages. Giant gourami is prioritized for cultivation because it is resistant to poor water quality and high market prices.

Keywords:

Citation: Junaidi, Hafrijal Syandri, Azrita, Abdullah Munzir. Floating cage aquaculture production in Indonesia: Assessment of opportunities and challenges in Lake Maninjau[J]. AIMS Environmental Science, 2022, 9(1): 1-15. doi: 10.3934/environsci.2022001

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The short communication “Graphene derivatives potentiate the activity of antibiotics against Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli” written by Butler and colleagues is an important contribution to the fight against the alarming increase in the number of key priority pathogens developing resistance against antibiotics. The antimicrobial effect of graphene, graphite and graphene oxide is well-known. In this article, the combination of these compounds with three clinically relevant antibiotics displaying different modes of activity, is described. This strategy might constitute a new approach to prevent resistant bacterial infections.

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The green microalga Chlorella vulgaris is a popular food additive due to its nutrient-content. In addition, it can be used in the cosmetics industry or to feed aquaculture. In their contribution “Improved growth and harvesting of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris on textile fabrics as 2.5 D substrates”, Brockhagen and co-workers investigated novel methods to cultivate the microalga on different natural and non-natural fabrics.

Last but not least, Tsivileva and colleagues report on the effect of different synthetic acridones on the mushroom Lentinula edodes (shiitake). Apart from their technical use as dyes, many natural-occurring acridones were reported to display anti-inflammatory or anti-cancer effects. Thus, possible unfavorable ecological effects of these compounds must be clarified. The authors analyzed several metabolic substances in the fungus that could be attributed to the presence of the particular acridone.

Taken together, the reader gets new insights into the behavior of small organisms in unusual environments during the visit of this special zoo.

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