<i>Salmonella spp</i>. quorum sensing: an overview from environmental persistence to host cell invasion

Amanova Sholpan; Alexandre Lamas; Alberto Cepeda; Carlos Manuel Franco; Amanova Sholpan; Alexandre Lamas; Alberto Cepeda; Carlos Manuel Franco

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2021015

AIMS Microbiology

2021, Volume 7, Issue 2: 238-256. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2021015

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Review

Salmonella spp. quorum sensing: an overview from environmental persistence to host cell invasion

1.
Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
2.
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain

Received: 25 March 2021 Accepted: 22 June 2021 Published: 24 June 2021

Salmonella spp. is one of the main foodborne pathogens around the world. It has a cyclic lifestyle that combines host colonization with survival outside the host, implying that Salmonella has to adapt to different conditions rapidly in order to survive. One of these environments outside the host is the food production chain. In this environment, this foodborne pathogen has to adapt to different stress conditions such as acidic environments, nutrient limitation, desiccation, or biocides. One of the mechanisms used by Salmonella to survive under such conditions is biofilm formation. Quorum sensing plays an important role in the production of biofilms composed of cells from the same microorganism or from different species. It is also important in terms of food spoilage and regulates the pathogenicity and invasiveness of Salmonella by regulating Salmonella pathogenicity islands and flagella. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the genetic mechanism involved in Salmonella quorum sensing, paying special attention to small RNAs and their post-regulatory activity in quorum sensing. We will further discuss the importance of this cell-to-cell communication mechanism in the persistence and spoilage of Salmonella in the food chain environment and the importance in the communication with microorganisms from different species. Subsequently, we will focus on the role of quorum sensing to regulate the virulence and invasion of host cells by Salmonella and on the interaction between Salmonella and other microbial species. This review offers an overview of the importance of quorum sensing in the Salmonella lifestyle.
- Salmonella,
- quorum sensing,
- environment,
- persistence,
- host cell invasion
Citation: Amanova Sholpan, Alexandre Lamas, Alberto Cepeda, Carlos Manuel Franco. Salmonella spp. quorum sensing: an overview from environmental persistence to host cell invasion[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2021, 7(2): 238-256. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2021015

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Abstract

Salmonella spp. is one of the main foodborne pathogens around the world. It has a cyclic lifestyle that combines host colonization with survival outside the host, implying that Salmonella has to adapt to different conditions rapidly in order to survive. One of these environments outside the host is the food production chain. In this environment, this foodborne pathogen has to adapt to different stress conditions such as acidic environments, nutrient limitation, desiccation, or biocides. One of the mechanisms used by Salmonella to survive under such conditions is biofilm formation. Quorum sensing plays an important role in the production of biofilms composed of cells from the same microorganism or from different species. It is also important in terms of food spoilage and regulates the pathogenicity and invasiveness of Salmonella by regulating Salmonella pathogenicity islands and flagella. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the genetic mechanism involved in Salmonella quorum sensing, paying special attention to small RNAs and their post-regulatory activity in quorum sensing. We will further discuss the importance of this cell-to-cell communication mechanism in the persistence and spoilage of Salmonella in the food chain environment and the importance in the communication with microorganisms from different species. Subsequently, we will focus on the role of quorum sensing to regulate the virulence and invasion of host cells by Salmonella and on the interaction between Salmonella and other microbial species. This review offers an overview of the importance of quorum sensing in the Salmonella lifestyle.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author contributions

Amanova Sholpan and Alexandre Lamas draft the original manuscript and Alberto Cepeda and Carlos Manuel Franco revised the manuscript. All the authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

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