Lipid peroxidation processes in men with type 1 diabetes mellitus following α-lipoic acid treatment

Marina A. Darenskaya; Elena V. Chugunova; Sergey I. Kolesnikov; Natalja V. Semenova; Olga A. Nikitina; Lyubov I. Kolesnikova; Marina A. Darenskaya; Elena V. Chugunova; Sergey I. Kolesnikov; Natalja V. Semenova; Olga A. Nikitina; Lyubov I. Kolesnikova

doi:10.3934/medsci.2021024

AIMS Medical Science

2021, Volume 8, Issue 4: 291-300. doi: 10.3934/medsci.2021024

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Research article Topical Sections

Lipid peroxidation processes in men with type 1 diabetes mellitus following α-lipoic acid treatment

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia

Received: 26 July 2021 Accepted: 22 October 2021 Published: 02 November 2021

In various pathological conditions such as diabetes mellitus, the cellular redox balance can be disturbed and these alterations may persist even after blood glucose levels have returned to normal. Antioxidant therapies, including α-lipoic acid, are widely used to treat various systemic diseases including diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to measure the lipid metabolism parameters, as well as the activity of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense reactions, in men with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) during treatment with α-lipoic acid. Twenty-four reproductive-age T1DM males with an unsatisfactory glycemic profile were examined. Twenty-eight practically healthy men of similar age were used as the control group. Spectrophotometric, fluorometric, and enzyme-linked immunoassay methods were used. T1DM was characterized by increased values of lipid metabolism components, including total cholesterol, triacylglycerides (TG), and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). In the lipid peroxidation system, increased levels of the primary products (conjugated dienes), secondary products (thiobarbituric acid reactants), and final products (Schiff bases) were observed in T1DM patients compared to the control group. Retinol values were also increased. After treatment, there was a decrease in TG, VLDL, and Schiff bases levels and an increase in the retinol level compared to before treatment. These results expand our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of T1DM and suggest that α-LA treatment may be beneficial for type 1 diabetics.
- type 1 diabetes mellitus,
- lipid peroxidation,
- antioxidants,
- α-lipoic acid
Citation: Marina A. Darenskaya, Elena V. Chugunova, Sergey I. Kolesnikov, Natalja V. Semenova, Olga A. Nikitina, Lyubov I. Kolesnikova. Lipid peroxidation processes in men with type 1 diabetes mellitus following α-lipoic acid treatment[J]. AIMS Medical Science, 2021, 8(4): 291-300. doi: 10.3934/medsci.2021024

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Abstract

In various pathological conditions such as diabetes mellitus, the cellular redox balance can be disturbed and these alterations may persist even after blood glucose levels have returned to normal. Antioxidant therapies, including α-lipoic acid, are widely used to treat various systemic diseases including diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to measure the lipid metabolism parameters, as well as the activity of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense reactions, in men with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) during treatment with α-lipoic acid. Twenty-four reproductive-age T1DM males with an unsatisfactory glycemic profile were examined. Twenty-eight practically healthy men of similar age were used as the control group. Spectrophotometric, fluorometric, and enzyme-linked immunoassay methods were used. T1DM was characterized by increased values of lipid metabolism components, including total cholesterol, triacylglycerides (TG), and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). In the lipid peroxidation system, increased levels of the primary products (conjugated dienes), secondary products (thiobarbituric acid reactants), and final products (Schiff bases) were observed in T1DM patients compared to the control group. Retinol values were also increased. After treatment, there was a decrease in TG, VLDL, and Schiff bases levels and an increase in the retinol level compared to before treatment. These results expand our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of T1DM and suggest that α-LA treatment may be beneficial for type 1 diabetics.

Abbreviations

AOD

Antioxidant defense

BMI

Body mass index

CDs

Conjugated dienes

Diabetes mellitus

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid

HbA1c

Glycosylated hemoglobin

HDL

High-density lipoproteins

GPO

Glutathione peroxidase

LDL

Low-density lipoproteins

LPO

Lipid peroxidation

Oxidative stress

ROS

Reactive oxygen species

SOD

Superoxide dismutase

T1DM

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

TBARs

Thiobarbituric acid reactants

Total cholesterol

Riacylglycerides

Schiff bases

VLDL

Very-low-density lipoproteins

WHO

World health organization

α-LA

α-lipoic acid

Conflict of interest

All authors declare no conflicts of interest in this paper.

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