Design of a parallel-LC-compensated on-board charger for universal inductive charging in electric vehicles

Nan Liu; Thomas G. Habetler; Nan Liu; Thomas G. Habetler

doi:10.3934/energy.2016.5.658

AIMS Energy

2016, Volume 4, Issue 5: 658-674. doi: 10.3934/energy.2016.5.658

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Design of a parallel-LC-compensated on-board charger for universal inductive charging in electric vehicles

Nan Liu ^,,
Thomas G. Habetler

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0250, USA.

Received: 24 May 2016 Accepted: 10 August 2016 Published: 18 August 2016

This paper proposes an on-board charger with a parallel-connected LC circuit which works in coordination with the previously-proposed universal charger to achieve “real” universal inductive charging. For accurately tracking the optimal frequency and achieving soft switching of the primary charger, an additional inductor is connected in series with the P-connected resonant tank to form an “LCL” topology. Based on the voltage gain of the proposed resonant topology, a step-down DC-DC converter is used to generate standard charging voltage and current to EV batteries. The detailed design method of the LCL circuit and DC-DC converter is provided. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the proposed LCL-compensated secondary resonant circuit has a stable output voltage vs varied magnetic coupling and load. Compared with series-compensated LC circuits, the proposed topology has two main advantages: a smaller range of the varied optimal AC frequency vs magnetic couplings and a much lower voltage stress on the resonant capacitance. Experiments based on a prototype of inductive charging system prove that the proposed on-board charger has high DC-DC efficiency, a smaller range of AC frequency, and a universally-achieved stable output.
- DC-DC converter,
- electric vehicle,
- on-board charger,
- resonant circuit,
- universal inductive charger
Citation: Nan Liu, Thomas G. Habetler. Design of a parallel-LC-compensated on-board charger for universal inductive charging in electric vehicles[J]. AIMS Energy, 2016, 4(5): 658-674. doi: 10.3934/energy.2016.5.658

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Abstract

This paper proposes an on-board charger with a parallel-connected LC circuit which works in coordination with the previously-proposed universal charger to achieve “real” universal inductive charging. For accurately tracking the optimal frequency and achieving soft switching of the primary charger, an additional inductor is connected in series with the P-connected resonant tank to form an “LCL” topology. Based on the voltage gain of the proposed resonant topology, a step-down DC-DC converter is used to generate standard charging voltage and current to EV batteries. The detailed design method of the LCL circuit and DC-DC converter is provided. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the proposed LCL-compensated secondary resonant circuit has a stable output voltage vs varied magnetic coupling and load. Compared with series-compensated LC circuits, the proposed topology has two main advantages: a smaller range of the varied optimal AC frequency vs magnetic couplings and a much lower voltage stress on the resonant capacitance. Experiments based on a prototype of inductive charging system prove that the proposed on-board charger has high DC-DC efficiency, a smaller range of AC frequency, and a universally-achieved stable output.

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