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Cord Blood Stem Cells: Current Uses and Future Challenges

  • Cord blood was recognized in the 1980s as a readily available source of stem cells for patients in need of transplant but unable to identify suitable bone marrow donors. The creation of cord blood banks enabled more than 35,000 such transplants over the next 20 years. Recently, cord blood stem cells have been utilized in many non-traditional applications involving regenerative medicine. In fact, cord blood stem cell use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering now outnumbers cord blood transplant use by 3–5 to 1. This short editorial describes the history of cord blood clinical use and the current indications for future cord blood stem cell use.

    Citation: David T Harris. Cord Blood Stem Cells: Current Uses and Future Challenges[J]. AIMS Cell and Tissue Engineering, 2017, 1(2): 158-164. doi: 10.3934/celltissue.2017.2.158

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  • Cord blood was recognized in the 1980s as a readily available source of stem cells for patients in need of transplant but unable to identify suitable bone marrow donors. The creation of cord blood banks enabled more than 35,000 such transplants over the next 20 years. Recently, cord blood stem cells have been utilized in many non-traditional applications involving regenerative medicine. In fact, cord blood stem cell use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering now outnumbers cord blood transplant use by 3–5 to 1. This short editorial describes the history of cord blood clinical use and the current indications for future cord blood stem cell use.


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    [1] Broxmeyer HE, Douglas GW, Hangoc G, et al. (1989) Human umbilical cord blood as a potential source of transplantable hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 3828-3832. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.10.3828
    [2] Harris DT (1996) Experience in autologous and allogeneic cord blood banking. J Hematotherapy 5: 123-128. doi: 10.1089/scd.1.1996.5.123
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    [4] Kurtzberg J (2009) Update on umbilical cord blood transplantation. Curr Opin Pediatr 21: 22-29. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e32832130bc
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    [6] Harris DT, Badowski M, Ahmad N, et al. (2008) The Potential of Cord Blood Stem Cells for Use in Regenerative Medicine. Expert Opin Biol Ther 7: 1311-1322.
    [7] Ballen K, Gluckman E, Broxmeyer H (2013) UCB transplantation: The first 25 years and beyond. Blood 122: 491-498. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-02-453175
    [8] Harris DT (2013) Umbilical Cord Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Characterization and Clinical Applications. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 8: 394-399. doi: 10.2174/1574888X11308050006
    [9] Terakura S, Atsuta Y, Tsukada N, et al. (2016) Comparison of Outcomes of 8/8 and 7/8 Allele-Matched Unrelated Bone Marrow Transplantation and Single-Unit Cord Blood Transplantation in Adults with Acute Leukemia. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 22: 330-338. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.10.006
    [10] Anand S, Thomas S, Corbet K, et al. (2016) Adult Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation Using Myeloablative Total Body Irradiation, Fludarabine, and Thiotepa Conditioning. Blood 128: 3395-3401.
    [11] Harris DT (1998) Cord Blood Banking: The University of Arizona Experience: Successes, Problems and Cautions. Cancer Res Ther Control 7: 63-67.
    [12] Thomson J, Itskovitz-Eldor J, Shapiro S, et al. (1998) Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science 282: 1145-1147.
    [13] Kurtzberg J, Kosaras B, Stephens C, et al. (2003) Umbilical cord blood cells engraft and differentiate in neural tissues after human transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 9: 128-129.
    [14] Harris DT (2009) Non-Haematological Uses of Cord Blood Stem Cells. Br J Haematol 147: 177-184. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07767.x
    [15] Park YB, Ha CW, Lee CH, et al. (2017) Cartilage Regeneration in Osteoarthritic Patients by a Composite of Allogeneic Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronate Hydrogel: Results from a Clinical Trial for Safety and Proof-of-Concept with 7 Years of Extended Follow-Up. Stem Cells Transl Med 6: 613-621. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0157
    [16] Copeland N, Harris DT, Gaballa MA (2009) Human umbilical cord blood stem cells, myocardial infarction and stroke. ClinMed 9: 342-345.
    [17] Burkhart HM, Qureshi MY, Peral SC, et al. (2015) Regenerative therapy for hypoplastic left heart syndrome: First report of intraoperative intramyocardial injection of autologous umbilical-cord blood-derived cells. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 149: e35-e37. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.10.093
    [18] Sun J, Mikati1 M, Worley G, et al. (2016) A randomized trial of autologous umbilical cord blood infusion in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 58: 43.
    [19] Dawson G, Sun JM, Davlantis KS, et al. (2017) Autologous Cord Blood Infusions Are Safe and Feasible in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results of a Single-Center Phase I Open-Label Trial. Stem Cells Transl Med 6: 1332-1339. doi: 10.1002/sctm.16-0474
    [20] Choudhery MS, Badowski M, Muise A, et al. (2013) Utility of Cryopreserved Umbilical Cord Tissue for Regenerative Medicine. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 8: 370-380. doi: 10.2174/1574888X11308050004
    [21] Harris DT (2017) Chapter 12: Banking of Adipose- and Cord Tissue-Derived Stem Cells: Technical and Regulatory Issues; Biobanking in the 21st Century. In Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXXIII. Applications (Springer), Sept 2016, 951: 147-154.
    [22] AABB News 18:5, 2016.
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  • © 2017 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
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