Manuscript Topics

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics appears to be  a major global health issue worldwide. The situation is becoming more and more dramatic especially in the last years due to the increase of new  antibacterial agents  that in the  long run, lose their effectiveness, becoming useless or even harmful for the infections treatment by leading to a greater resistance selection.  Nosocomial infections by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO)  are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized in intensive care units. The carbapenems are antibiotics generally effective against MDRO being Meropenem and Imipenem active against most resistant Gram-negative bacteria especially Enterobacterales.  However currently the resistance to  these antibiotics is a huge issue    The presence of enzymes such as Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemases (KPCs, Metallo β-lactamases,  OXA, GES ) constitutes the principal resistance mechanism to antibiotics.

At this time, different solutions may be taken into consideration: first the use of two antibiotics in association (sometimes more active than monotherapy) but currently often disused because the antibiotics combination in general can be synergistic, neutral but also antagonistic; secondly the use of adjuvants which can protect the antibacterial activity of antibiotics; thirdly the use of beta-lactams together with beta-lactamases inhibitors. Other solutions could be the availability of compounds other than antibiotics as essential oils, natural products, bacteriophages, N-acetylcysteine, biocides, vaccines. In this way no resistance should be selected and all these products might be able to fight drug resistance.

With this, we invite manuscript submissions into the following topics:
• Investigations on the antibiotic -resistance of Gram-negative bacteria
• Different ways of fighting this  big problem
• Phenotypic and genotypic detection of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemases
• Use of novel antimicrobial agents even the rediscovery of old antibiotics  such as colistin
• Use of adjuvants
• Combination of antibiotics
• Vaccines especially against ExPEC (Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli)

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